Кажется, это то, что я ищу.
AVAssetTrack* songTrack = [mAssetToLoad.tracks objectAtIndex:0];
NSArray* formatDesc = songTrack.formatDescriptions;
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < [formatDesc count]; ++i) {
CMAudioFormatDescriptionRef item = (CMAudioFormatDescriptionRef)[formatDesc objectAtIndex:i];
const AudioStreamBasicDescription* bobTheDesc = CMAudioFormatDescriptionGetStreamBasicDescription (item);
if(bobTheDesc && bobTheDesc->mChannelsPerFrame == 1) {
mIsMono = true;
}
}